What is the difference between primary and secondary voltage in power systems?

The distinction between primary and secondary voltage in power systems lies primarily in their voltage levels and intended applications. Primary voltage is typically associated with high voltage used for the transmission of electricity over long distances. This high voltage is necessary to reduce energy losses that occur during transmission, allowing electricity to move efficiently from power plants to substations.

On the other hand, secondary voltage refers to lower voltage levels that are distributed to end-users, such as homes and businesses. After electricity is transmitted at high voltages, it must be stepped down to safer levels before it can be used. This stepping down process occurs at substations, where the primary voltage is converted to secondary voltage suitable for final distribution.

Thus, primary voltage serves the critical role of transporting electrical power over considerable distances, whereas secondary voltage is designed for use in localized areas. Understanding this difference is essential for those working in the power industry, as it affects system design, safety standards, and operational practices.